一提起东亚文化圈（东亚），我们往往第一时间想到的就是三个国家：中国、日本、韩国；然而，越南无论是从人种上还是历史上，都更接近更符合中华文化的分支；于是，近期在海外知乎平台Quora上，许多越南网友都提出了对此十分困惑的问题：为什么很多人认为越南不属于（中日韩）东亚文化圈?

问题：为什么很多人认为越南不属于（中日韩）东亚文化圈?

扇海：河内国家经济大学经济学院

I see the negligence of the Vietnamese Ministry of Culture as one of the main reasons.You see, both South Korea and Japan are actively promoting their traditional culture, while the Ministry of Culture and Science is promoting Western cultural elements in Vietnamese culture.For example: coffee, baguette, opera house, church, post office, and even the westernized Aodai design.Many foreigners believe that all non-Western cultures in Vietnamese culture belong to Chinese culture, which rarely occurs in Japan and South Korea.

我认为越南文化部的失职是主要原因之一。你们看韩国和日本都在积极宣传本国的传统文化，而越南文部科学省却在宣传越南文化中的西方文化元素。例如:咖啡、长棍面包、歌剧院、教堂、邮局，甚至西方化的敖代设计。许多外国人认为越南文化中的所有非西方文化都属于中华文化，这在日本和韩国很少发生。

While our traditional cultures are as interesting and rich as China, Japan, South Korea, they have been on hold for too long.The Ministry of Culture believes that if they offer foreigners what they want to see (namely the Westernization elements), they can be more aware of our country and are willing to invest here.But it is this low sense of pride and unconfidence that weakens Vietnam's cultural appeal.

虽然我们的传统文化和中国、日本、韩国一样有趣和丰富，但它们已经被搁置太久了。文化部认为，如果他们给外国人提供他们想看的东西(也就是西化的元素)，他们就能对我们国家更加认可并且愿意来这儿投资。但正是这种低微的自豪感和不自信的行为让越南的文化吸引力越来愈弱。

Check out how the Koreans promote their traditional costumes and aesthetics through the movies.On our side, the Vietnamese Ministry of Culture is lowering our culture just to make it look less "Chinese", in other words, they are insecure and afraid to show our truly traditional culture.They deliberately chose to design away from traditional East Asian aesthetics.

看看韩国人是如何通过电影宣传他们的传统服装和美学的吧。而我们这边呢，越南文化部正在贬低我们的文化，只是为了让它看起来不太“中国化”，换句话说，他们没有安全感，害怕展示我们真正的传统文化。他们故意选择远离传统东亚美学的设计。

Why is Vietnam too scared of making a movie with something like this:

为什么越南这么害怕拍这样的电影:

中越合拍电影：《太师陈守度》

We have our own tea culture, but the Ministry of Culture does not advocate it.Instead, they promoted coffee as a Vietnamese culture.The Ministry of Culture never promoted the various temples and incense towers in Ningju, but used the French colonial landmarks as landmarks in Vietnam.Why is the symbol of Saigon a church, not Yongren Temple or Tianhou Temple?To be fair, having new cultural creation is not a bad thing, but it is important to raise awareness of traditional culture (such as Taiwan's pearl milk tea, but Taiwan also promotes its traditional Chinese tea).

我们有自己的茶文化，但文化部不提倡。相反，他们将咖啡作为越南的一种文化来推广。文化部从来没有宣传宁州的各种寺庙、香塔等越南的重要地标建筑，而是把法国殖民时期的地标建筑作为越南的地标建筑。为什么西贡的象征是教堂，而不是永仁寺或天厚寺呢?公平地说，有新的文化创造不是坏事，但提高对传统文化的认识很重要(例如台湾的珍珠奶茶，但台湾也推广其传统的中国茶)。

The Ministry of Culture is really determined to do more to promote and raise awareness of traditional Vietnamese culture; otherwise, if you don't even know who you are, you can't expect others to know who you are.

越南文化部真的应该下定决心做更多的努力来推广和提高大家对越南传统文化的认知；否则，如果你连自己都不知道自己是谁，你就不能指望别人知道你是谁。

爱德华，伦敦大学玛丽女王学院经济学与数学硕士

Lack of understanding of the Vietnamese culture as a whole.They all just look on the surface at the Vietnamese culture, which looks like a typical Southeast Asian culture.However, going into one layer, you see how much Vietnam shares with South Korea and Japan and how much different it is from Laos and Cambodia.

对越南文化整体缺乏了解。他们都只是从表面上看越南文化，越南文化看起来像是典型的东南亚文化。然而，深入其中一层，你会发现越南与韩国和日本有多少共同之处，与老挝和柬埔寨又有多少不同。

A lot of Koreans and Japanese do not want to be linked to Southeast Asians because they are dark, dark and short, and to their opinion they are inferior.Although the Vietnamese have 50% East Asian origin, and most looked more East Asian than the Mongols, they were looked down upon.

很多韩国人和日本人不想和东南亚人联系在一起，因为他们皮肤黝黑、肤色黝黑、身材矮小，在他们看来，他们是低人一等的人。尽管越南人有50%的东亚血统，大多数人看起来比蒙古人更像东亚人，但他们被看不起。

Besides North Korea, Vietnam is the weakest, poorest and least powerful country in the Chinese circle.This means that their culture is less significant and less popular.The Chinese have the largest ethnic group and the most influential culture, South Korea has the Korean Wave and Japanese anime.Vietnam is not currently available.

除了朝鲜，越南是中国圈最弱、最穷、最不强大的国家。这意味着他们的文化不那么显著，也不那么流行。中国人有最大的民族群体和最具影响力的文化，韩国有韩流，日本有动漫。越南目前还没有。

Now the Vietnamese writing system is Latin, which means a huge leap in the way of cultural identity with Japan, Korea, China and Vietnam.With the Latin alphabet, one feels that Vietnam has nothing to do with Chinese, because Vietnam can easily convert into Latin, which is wrong

现在越南语的书写系统是拉丁语，这意味着与日本、韩国、中国和越南的文化认同的方式有了巨大的飞跃。有了拉丁字母，人们就会觉得越南和中文一点关系都没有，因为越南可以很容易地转换成拉丁语，这是不对的。

Honestly, it is a little sad that Vietnam is culturally closer to China than South Korea and Japan, but no one knows that.

老实说，越南在文化上比韩国和日本更接近中国，但却没有人知道这一点，这有点悲哀。

Duc:出生于河内，生活在西贡

All those who have attended school should know that Vietnam is in the East Asian cultural circle, and that the traditional culture is inherited from the Chinese culture.As a Vietnamese, I am not all concerned about the issue of recognition or disapproval.We understand our history and culture, and if we really want to be culturally recognized, the following issues need to be addressed:

所有上过学的人都应该知道越南是在东亚文化圈，并且在传统文化上是传承于中华文化的。作为一名越南人，我一点也不关心认可不认可这个问题。我们了解我们的历史和文化，如果我们真的想要在文化上被认可，我们以下这些问题就需要解决：

1, Work harder and make Vietnam become a developed first-world country. Try to make the “Miracle on the Red and Saigon rivers” become a reality. You know why the Chinese, Koreans and Japanese never consider us to be in the same league with them, despite Vietnam having a more similar culture to China than Korea and Japan? Not that Vietnam is geographically in Southeast Asia. If it were a first-world country, they’d gladly call it an “East Asian country” or at least respect us if we choose to call it so. Without money, we get neither. Nobody will give a damn about you if you continue to hold no relevance to the world. Not long ago in the 20th century, Korea was always glossed over when the topic of East Asia came up. Here is what an American has to say:

努力工作，让越南成为发达的第一世界国家。使“红河和西贡河奇迹”成为现实。尽管越南和中国的文化比韩国和日本更相似，你知道为什么中国人、韩国人和日本人从来不认为我们和他们是一个文化圈子的吗?如果它是发达国家，他们会很高兴地称它为“东亚国家”，或者至少尊重我们。但是如果我们没有钱，我们什么都得不到。如果你继续与世界脱节，没有人会在乎你。20世纪初，每当提到东亚的时候，韩国总是被人们所忽视。下面是一个美国人曾经说的话:

"Twenty years ago, I attended a roundtable in Seoul on the topic of why South Korea's cultural influence at the time was unknown relative to its close neighbors.At that time, Samsung and K-pop were just beginning to gain respect in economically developed countries.Except for Chinese fans like us, nobody is interested in Korean history or the aka Sutra.In my opinion, Korea's advantage is in its rapidly improved living standards, a small country crowded with mountains and coastline, and a balance of traditional and modern cultural elements.I haven't been to Vietnam yet, but I saw a former colleague living in Vietnam often post on facebook: Vietnam now reminds me of South Korea experienced in the 1990s, vibrant and in transition.Like South Korea and some other Asian countries, Vietnam appears to be an eclectic combination of native and foreign cultural elements, especially in architecture, cuisine, and religious beliefs.Building an individual or group confidence on better or better than another person or group is a failing game because there are always larger, smarter, stronger, fairer or more successful people or groups.The Danes are considered the happiest people in the world, although they have no major cultural exports or tourist attractions.They do enjoy a high level of life and social mobility.As an American who has lived overseas for many years, it seems to me that competitive national pride is clearly overestimated and, at worst, destructive.”

“20年前，我在首尔参加了一个圆桌会议，主题是为什么韩国当时的文化影响力相对于它的近邻而言不为人知。那个时候三星和K-pop刚刚开始在经济发达的国家获得尊重。除了像我们这样的汉语迷，没有人对朝鲜历史或大藏经感兴趣。在我看来，韩国优势在于其快速提高的生活水平，一个小国家挤在山区和海岸线上轻松娱乐，以及传统和现代文化元素的平衡。我还没去过越南，但看到一位在越南生活的前同事经常在facebook上发帖子：越南现在的景象让我想起了90年代经历的韩国，充满活力，处于过渡时期。就像韩国和其他一些亚洲国家一样，越南似乎是本土和外来文化元素的折衷组合，尤其是在建筑、美食和宗教信仰方面。把个人或群体的自信建立在比另一个人或群体优秀或更好的基础上是一种失败的游戏，因为总有更大、更聪明、更强大、更漂亮或更成功的人或群体。丹麦人被认为是世界上最幸福的人，尽管他们没有主要的文化出口或旅游景点。他们确实享受着高水平的生活和社会流动性。作为一个在海外生活多年的美国人，在我看来，有竞争力的民族自豪感显然被高估了，往坏了说是破坏性的。”

2. Educate the public about more traditional Vietnamese culture, especially the part influenced by Chinese culture.Many Vietnamese think that our ancestors wore Obodai in their 4,000-year history.Obodai only appeared in the Nguyen dynasty (200 years ago).That is why the first reaction when they saw an early reconstruction of traditional clothing would be "WTF looks so Chinese / Korean", "our ancestors didn't wear this stuff" and then go on to insert some Odai photos 100 years ago to prove their claim.What should you say about this LOL?If the Vietnamese could not accept their own traditional culture, who else would do the job for them?

2、教育大众更多的越南传统文化，特别是受中华文化熏陶的部分。很多越南人认为我们的祖先在4000年的历史中都穿着鳌戴。鳌戴是在阮王朝(200年前)才出现的。这就是为什么当他们看到早期传统服装的重建时，第一反应会是“WTF看起来如此中国/韩国”，“我们的祖先没有穿这些东西”，然后继续插入一些100年前的奥岱照片来证明他们的说法。关于这个LOL，该说些什么呢?如果越南人不能接受他们自己的传统文化，还有谁会为他们做这份工作?

3. Rebuild the traditional costumes of various dynasties in Vietnamese history, and take these costumes as part of our history, although they may look very Chinese.What would our ancestors think if they knew that their descendants were rejecting the traditions of the country?

3、重建越南历史上各个朝代的传统服饰，把这些服装作为我们历史的一部分，尽管它们可能看起来很中国化。如果我们的祖先知道他们的后代正在拒绝这个国家的传统，他们会怎么想?

3. Reconstruction all temples and palaces destroyed by war and tropical climate.Especially now destroy the Thang Long (Shenglong) Imperial Castle in Hanoi and partially destroy the Tonal Imperial Castle.Return to their old glory.Vietnam is where only rich people can do that.Since many Vietnamese heritage was damaged or stolen during the colonial period, many Vietnamese are now ignorant of the country's past and achievements.They cannot understand that their ancestors built buildings as magnificent as the Dunlong Imperial Castle.So the spectre of a nation permanently trapped by poverty and smallconstantly haunted them to realize that the Imperial city of the Tang Dragon might be greater than the present city of Beijing.

3、重建所有被战争和热带气候破坏的庙宇和宫殿。尤其是现在摧毁Thang长(昇龍)帝国城堡在河内和部分破坏色调帝国城堡。让他们昔日的荣耀重现。越南只有有钱人才能这么做。由于许多越南遗产在殖民时期遭到破坏或被盗，许多越南人现在对国家的过去和成就一无所知。他们无法理解他们的祖先建造了像唐龙帝国城堡那样宏伟的建筑。因此，一个永远被贫穷和渺小所困的国家的幽灵不断地萦绕在他们的脑海中，使他们无法意识到唐龙皇城可能比现在北京的皇城还要大。

4. Standardize and reintroduce the Han Nom again.Like Koreans treating Chinese characters, they use "Han Nom" (Vietnamese-made Chinese characters) as an elective course in the K12 course.Let the government recognize it.

4、再次规范和重新介绍Han Nom。像韩国人对待汉字一样，把“汉Nom”(越南人制造的汉字)作为K12课程的选修课。让政府给予认可。

Plus, don't forget to make great historical dramas.Learning from the Chinese and the Koreans is wise.Given the history of Vietnam, we can have better scripts than in Korean cinema.Anyone who wants to delve into Vietnam history will find that Vietnam history is no less attractive than Chinese history.

另外，不要忘记制作伟大的历史剧。向中国人和韩国人学习是明智之举。考虑到越南的历史，我们可以有比韩国电影更好的剧本。任何想要钻研越南历史的人都会发现，越南历史的魅力不亚于中国历史。

But, to finish points 2,3,4, and 5, you have to go back to point 1: get rich first.When the Vietnamese are confident enough, cognition comes naturally without requiring you to yell on the roof.Therefore, less complaint, more action, to make the country richer

但是，要完成第2、3、4和5点，你必须回到第1点:先致富。当越南人有足够的自信时，认知就会自然而然地到来，而不需要你在屋顶上大喊大叫。因此，少抱怨，多行动，让国家更富有。

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